Parkinson’s disease is often recognized for its impact on movement, tremors, and rigidity. However, this complex neurological disorder also affects non-motor systems, including the autonomic nervous system, which regulates blood pressure. One of the lesser-known yet impactful complications of Parkinson’s is postural hypotension, a condition that causes dizziness or fainting when changing positions.

What Is Postural Hypotension?

Postural (orthostatic) hypotension refers to a sudden drop in blood pressure when a person moves from lying or sitting to a standing position. In people with Parkinson’s disease, this occurs due to autonomic dysfunction—a disruption in the body’s ability to regulate cardiovascular responses properly.

Common symptoms include:

• Dizziness upon standing

• Lightheadedness or fainting

• Blurred vision

• Weakness or fatigue

• Unsteadiness, increasing the risk of falls

These symptoms can be frightening and dangerous, especially for older individuals or those with advanced Parkinson’s disease.

Why Does Parkinson’s Affect Blood Pressure?

In Parkinson’s disease, the brain regions and nerve pathways responsible for regulating blood pressure may become damaged. Additionally:

• Dopaminergic medications (e.g., Levodopa) can lower blood pressure as a side effect

• Dehydration, constipation, and reduced salt intake (common in PD) can worsen the problem

• Blunted response from baroreceptors in the blood vessels causes delayed compensation when standing

This combination contributes to low blood pressure (hypotension) in many Parkinson’s patients.

Strategies to Manage Blood Pressure in Parkinson’s Disease

Managing postural hypotension involves both medical treatment and lifestyle modifications. A personalized approach, developed with a movement disorder specialist or neurologist, can make a significant difference.

✅ 1. Behavioral Techniques

• Stand up slowly and pause before walking

• Elevate the head of the bed by 30° to prevent nighttime drops

• Increase fluid and salt intake (under medical supervision)

• Avoid hot showers, alcohol, and prolonged standing

• Wear compression stockings to improve blood return to the heart

✅ 2. Medication Adjustments

• Review and possibly reduce medications that worsen hypotension

• Consider drugs like fludrocortisone or midodrine, which help raise blood pressure

• Coordinate medication timing with neurologists to avoid overlapping effects

✅ 3. Fall Prevention and Home Safety

• Use assistive devices (e.g., walkers)

• Install grab bars in bathrooms and near beds

• Ensure home lighting and flooring reduce fall risks

When to See a Doctor

If you or a loved one with Parkinson’s disease experiences frequent:

• Dizziness or fainting

• Near-falls or sudden drops in alertness

• Fatigue or confusion after standing

…it’s essential to speak to a neurologist immediately. These may indicate worsening autonomic dysfunction or medication imbalances.

At PRS Neurosciences, our expert Parkinson’s team offers holistic support that addresses motor and non-motor symptoms to improve daily function and independence.

Conclusion: Stay Informed, Stay Safe

While Parkinson’s disease is often linked to movement symptoms, its impact on blood pressure regulation is equally important. Postural hypotension can interfere with everyday activities and increase the risk of serious falls.

Through early identification, specialist care, and targeted treatment, individuals with Parkinson’s can manage these symptoms effectively. Remember: support is available, and no one should face these challenges alone.

If you’re living with Parkinson’s disease and experiencing dizziness or fainting, consult a healthcare provider to explore safe and effective solutions.